Papa Lazarou
You don't add the speeds together guys - I thought you did, its wrong - the force you hit something is the force pushed back on to you.
Youre right, its all to do with momentum and mass.
If you're going 60 mph and you pass someone in the next lane going 60 mph, it will appear that you will pass them at 120 mph.
However, when talking about collisions, it's all about the momentum. If a cargo van going 60 mph hits a smart car going 60 mph head on, they won't feel the same thing. Obviously the smart car will lose. This is because momentum must be conserved first, then velocity can be calculated.
So let's associate mass with the vehicles. The cargo van weighs 10,000 kg and the smart car weighs 1,000 kg. When the collision occurs at those speeds, the cargo van will have 600,000 kgm/s of momentum while the smart car has only 60,000 kgm/s of momentum. At the moment of the collision, the momentum will become the larger momentum (600,000 kgm/s) minus the smaller momentum (60,000 kgm/s). We can do this calculation because the collision is head on and has 1 dimensional vector quantities, meaning that we do the calculation in a straight line. So the total momentum of the system will become 540,000 kgm/s in the direction of the cargo van, because it had the larger original momentum. If those two cars were to stick together and move off in the same direction, we can find the velocity by dividing the new momentum by the sum of the masses (10,000 kg + 1,000 kg = 11,000 kg). This turns out to be roughly 50 mph. (540,000/11,000=49.0909...) Using that information, you can figure out about the speed that the car would hit the wall to achieve the same force. If we start with the cargo van, it started out going 60 mph and ended going 50 mph in the same direction. If you subtract the two, it's similar to if that van were to hit a wall going 10 mph. As for the smart car, it started at 60 mph and ended at 50 mph in the opposite direction. Meaning it might as well have hit a wall going 110 mph.